Lucile Gaskins спросил 2 года назад
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma is a class of cancers that develop in the system lymphatic. This system is made up of white blood cells and lymph fluid that fights infections.
Your healthcare provider will identify lymphoma using tests of your body fluids and blood. These tests include a complete count of your blood, a blood-chemistry study and tests for Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma Railroad injuries substances and viruses in your body.
Diagnosis
To identify non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, your doctor will perform an examination medically and collect detailed information about your symptoms. Your doctor will also look for swollen nodes and other signs of cancer. Your doctor may also check your blood for a specific protein called lactate dehydrogenase. This protein is produced by your liver. This test will help determine if your symptoms are caused by the absence of red blood cells, non-hodgkin’s lymphoma railroad injuries which are typically seen in people suffering from lymphoma.
Lymphoma begins with the cells of the body’s lymphatic system. This is a network of tubes that touch every part of the body. These cells are composed of B and T lymphocytes. Some lymphomas begin in lymph nodes while others begin in other lymphoid tissues like the thymus or bone marrow.
A PET scan uses a tiny amount of radioactive glucose to detect tumor cells. It also shows how quickly the tumor is growing. The doctor may combine images from an PET scan with a computed tomography (CT) scan. This procedure allows your doctor to determine the type of lymphoma and severity.
Treatment
Your doctor will recommend a treatment based on the type of Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma railroad cancer lymphoma and if it has spread. Your doctor will assign your lymphoma a «stage’ based on how far it has spread, and an ‘grade’ based upon how fast it is growing. This information helps your physician create the most effective treatment plan.
Certain kinds of indolent (slow-growing) lymphomas do not cause any symptoms, and they can be monitored instead of treated. This is known as active surveillance or watchful waiting. Other types of lymphomas like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma, expand more quickly and are more likely to cause symptoms and signs. They may cause fever, drenching night sweats and weight loss. These types of lymphomas usually require chemotherapy.
Some forms of non-Hodgkin lymphoma can be treated by targeted therapy, which employs medicines that target and destroy specific cancer cells. For instance, the medicines known as monoclonal antibodies attach to cancerous cells and eliminate them. These medicines can be used in conjunction with other treatments or used on their own. Radiation therapy to the chest or abdomen may be beneficial for people with advanced non Hodgkin lymphoma. This is usually done along with chemotherapy and often accompanied by the transplantation of stem cells.
Symptoms
The symptoms of cancer vary depending on the type and the extent of its spread.
The lymphatic system is a network composed of vessels and glands that shield the body from infections by removing waste products and combating foreign cells and viruses. The fluid that circulates through the lymphatic system contains lymphocytes, white blood cells which fight infection. Your lymphocytes grow and multiply in an abnormal way with Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma injury lymphoma. This enlarges normal cells and creates tumours.
You’ll have a physical exam and the blood test to look for abnormal cells. Your doctor will also ask about your symptoms and past health.
The most prominent symptoms of lymphoma include painful swelling that is not painful in a group of lymph nodes (glands) in your armpit, neck or the groin. You may also cough. Dyspnea is a possibility if the cancer is located in the thymus or when lymphatic vessels have been blocked in your chest. You might feel tired without a reason.
A biopsy is usually used to identify non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. The doctor will remove the swollen lymph node or lymphoid tissue and examine it under a microscope.
Side effects
A diagnosis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma can be an overwhelming experience. Remember that your feelings are normal. You might feel anxious and sad, angry or depressed. You may also have questions about treatment and changes in your body.
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is one of the types of cancer that begins in B cells, which are a part of your immune system. The lymphoma grows and multiplies as the cells multiply. The cancer can start in one or more lymph nodes. However, it may be spread to other areas of your body like the spleen, liver and bone marrow.
Some non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas grow slowly and don’t cause symptoms. These types of lymphomas can be called indolent lymphomas or low-burden tumors. If you have these types of lymphomas, medical professionals may recommend active surveillance (watchful waiting) or prompt treatment to stop symptoms. Other treatments include monoclonal antibody or traditional chemotherapy drugs. Monoclonal antibody are laboratory-created drugs that locate and destroy cancerous cells. They can be used as a stand-alone treatment or in combination with other treatments. The type of Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma injury Lymphoma you have will determine the other treatment options available to you.
Prevention
Lymphoma, unlike leukemia is a form of cancer that develops in the lymphatic system. It can expand throughout the body. It is most prevalent in lymph nodes, and glands which produce white blood cells, such as the spleen thymus, and bone marrow. It can also manifest in other organs, such as the lungs or liver. The condition can be indolent (slow-growing) or aggressive (fast-growing). Being older, male and having a weaker immune system may increase the risk of developing non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
The majority of non-Hodgkin lymphomas are caused by an genetic mutation. Some types, such as enteropathy-type intestinal lymphoma are associated with celiac disease, an immune response to gluten that can cause malnutrition. Others, such as non-Hodgkin lymphoma follicular or Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, are linked to a variety of viral infections.
Treatment options are influenced by whether the Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma railroad injuries disease was caused by B or T cells. B cells are more prone to develop cancer than T cells which fight the infection directly. Patients suffering from autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid or psoriasis are at a higher risk of developing non-B-cell Hodgkin lymphoma. Burkitt lymphoma caused due to Epstein-Barr viruses is more common in Africa. It is characterized as a low-grade, fast-growing cancer.
